Born in California as one of the 10 children of Don Jose Joaquin Estudillo and his wife Juana Martinez, Maria was barely a teenager in 1840 when 18-year-old William Heath Davis, Jr. fell in love with her. The Estudillo family, who owned Rancho
William Moon’s name is still associated with the Bear Flag Revolt of 1846, although there is no record that he took part in the action. However, as an American settler living near Tehama in Mexican California, he doubtless participated in
Bells hung from oak tree branches, crude small dwellings, and the planting of the first fields marked the beginning of the third Franciscan mission in 1771, Mission San Antonio de Padua, named in honor of St. Anthony of Padua. Three years
Spanish conquistadores claimed California in the early 16th century, but geography and political issues elsewhere conspired to prevent colonization until the late 18th century, when Spain learned that its
The Old Town San Diego neighborhood is where the city began in the late 18th century. A town developed below the Spanish mission and military outpost, as soldiers and other settlers built homes there, described in 1830 by sailor